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Location: South Asia (modern-day Pakistan and northwest India) Hieroglyphics were used only in special circumstances and scribes used hieratic and later, demotic (both were simplified versions of hieroglyphics). While the beautiful hieroglyphics of the Ancient Egyptians are largely associated with the civilization, it was not actually the common writing system. Some of their other achievements include creating a system of mathematics, a practical and effective system of medicine, irrigation systems, the first known planked boats, glass technology, and new forms of literature.Įgyptian culture left a lasting legacy on the world and many things we use today were first developed by the ancient Egyptians such as mints, paper, door locks, alarm clocks, concrete, and much more. The ancient Egyptians developed construction techniques that enabled them to build massive monuments such as pyramids, temples, and obelisks. While they made several social, cultural, and political advancements, they are best known for creating The Great Pyramids, which have stood the test of time and remain one of the great wonders of the world. Egyptians are perhaps the most well known of the ancient civilizations. 3,150 BCE – 332 BCE)Īncient Egyptian civilization is traditionally stated to have started around 3,150 BCE when King Menes unified Upper and Lower Egypt and established a capital city at White Walls (later called Memphis). The fall of the Akkadian Empire gave rise to two famous empires, Assyria in the north and Babylon in the south.ĩ. The people of the Akkadian Empire were skilled craftsman and made a number of beautifully carved seals and cast metal statues. The Sumerians and Akkadians had a surplus of agricultural products, which they traded for metal ores, timber, and building stone. The Akkadians regularly traded with the nearby Indus Valley Civilization. Since the empire combined two distinct yet similar civilizations, its people were bilingual, speaking both Sumerian and Akkadian and writing in the Akkadian version of Cuneiform.
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The empire united Akkadian and Sumerian speakers under one rule and their civilization stretched across Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Anatolia (modern-day Iraq, Syria, and Turkey). The Akkadian Empire is often called the world’s first empire. Notable Achievements: One of the world’s first empires Location: Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Anatolia (modern-day Iraq, Syria, and Turkey)